Izitsha zokudlela zebumba uqobo'Imithetho kanye nokuqapha eMatsheni Yezimayini: Isinyathelo esiya ekuhlanzeni
I-China, eyaziwa ngemithombo yayo yemvelo ecebile, bekuyisikhathi eside ibingumholi womhlaba wonke embonini yezimayini zamatshe. Kodwa-ke, ukukhathazeka ngokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo kanye nemikhuba eyonakele kudale uhulumeni waseChina ukuthi asebenzise imithetho eqinile nokugadwa kokusebenza kwezimayini zamatshe. Lezi zinyathelo zihlose ukukhuthaza imikhuba yezimayini ezizinzile, zivikele imvelo, futhi ziqinisekise ukuzibophezela komphakathi embonini.
Ngesidingo esikhulayo semikhiqizo yamatshe emazweni asekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, i-China ibone ukuhlinzwa emisebenzini yemayini yamatshe eminyakeni yamuva. Ukukhishwa kwamatshe anjenge-granite, imabula, ne-limestone akukaze kuholele ekunciphiseni kwezinsiza zemvelo kodwa kuye kwalimaza ukulimala okukhulu kwemvelo. Izimayini ezingavinjelwe ziholele ekuqothulweni kwamahlathi, ukucekelwa phansi komhlaba kanye nokungcoliswa kwezidumbu zamanzi, okuthinta kabi imvelo yasendaweni kanye nemiphakathi.
Ukubona isidingo esiphuthumayo sokubhekana nalezi zinselelo, uhulumeni waseChina uthathe izinyathelo zikakhonkolo ukuqinisa imithetho kanye nokwandisa ukugadwa kwemisebenzi yezimayini yamatshe. Enye yezinhlelo ezisemqoka ukugcizelelwa kokuhlolwa komthelela wezemvelo (i-EIAs) yamaphrojekthi wamatshe amamayini. Izinkampani manje sezidingeka ukuhlinzeka ngemibiko eningiliziwe ngemiphumela engaba khona yemvelo yokusebenza kwayo ngaphambi kokuthola amalayisense ezimayini. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izingozi zezemvelo ezihambisana nemisebenzi yezimayini zihlolisiswe kahle futhi zithathwa izinyathelo ezifanele zokunciphisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni usethe ama-ejensi akhethekile abhekele ukuqapha kanye nokuhlola imisebenzi yezimayini zamatshe. Lezi zinhlaka ziqhuba ukuvakasha kwesayithi elijwayelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana namazinga ezemvelo, kukhomba noma yikuphi ukuphambuka, futhi kuthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo kubantu abaphula umthetho. Izinhlawulo eziqinile, kufaka phakathi inhlawulo ephakeme nokumiswa kwemisebenzi, kunqunyelwe kulabo abatholakele ukwephula imithethonqubo. Izinyathelo ezinjalo zisebenza njengokudicilela phansi futhi zigqugquzele izinkampani zezimayini zamatshe ukuthi zisebenzise imikhuba esimeme futhi zinciphise izintambo zazo zemvelo.
Ngokuvumelana nokuzibophezela kwayo entuthukweni esimeme, iChina ibuye yakhuthaza nokwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile eMatshe Mining. Izinto ezintsha njengokusika okungenamanzi nokuqina kwezinhlelo zokucindezela uthuli kusiza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi futhi kunciphise ukungcoliswa komoya ngokulandelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni usekela ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko kwezindlela ezingezona ezinobungane kanye nezindlela zokuphinda usebenzise kabusha, enciphisa ukuthembela ekukhishweni kwamatshe amasha.
Ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngemvelo, uhulumeni waseChina futhi ufuna ukuqinisekisa umthwalo wemfanelo wezenhlalo ngaphakathi kwemboni yezimayini zamatshe. Isebenzise imithetho ukuvikela amalungelo kanye nenhlala-kahle yabasebenzi, ukulwa nomsebenzi wezingane, futhi ithuthukise izimo zokusebenza. Kuqiniswa imithetho yezabasebenzi eqinile, kufaka phakathi amaholo amancane, amahora asebenzayo okusebenza, kanye nezindlela zokuphepha emsebenzini. Lezi zinhlelo zivikela izintshisekelo zabasebenzi, zithuthukisa imboni efanelekile nezokuziphatha.
Imizamo yokulawula kanye nokuqondisa izimayini zamatshe eChina zithole impendulo eyakhayo evela kwababambe iqhaza kwabafukukazi nakwamanye amazwe. Izinhlangano zezemvelo zibuka lezi zinyathelo njengezinto ezibalulekile ekubhekaneni nezinselelo zemvelo, zivikele izinto eziphilayo zemvelo, futhi zilonda izinsiza zemvelo. Abathengi nabangenisa imikhiqizo yamatshe amaShayina bayakwazisa ukuzibophezela ekusivumeni, bawanikeze ukuzethemba emvelaphi nasekukhiqizeni amatshe azowuthenga.
Ngenkathi China'Imithetho kanye nemigomo yokuqapha e-Stone Mining Maka isinyathelo esikhulu ekusimeni, ukuqhubeka nokuqashwa kanye nokuqaliswa okusebenzayo kubalulekile. Ukucwaningwa kwamabhuku njalo, ukubamba iqhaza komphakathi, kanye nokubambisana nababambiqhaza embonini kubalulekile ekuboneni izindawo zokuthuthukisa kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nemigomo. Ngokushaya ibhalansi phakathi kokukhula komnotho, ukuvikela imvelo, kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo, iChina ibeka isibonelo embonini yezimayini zamatshe emhlabeni jikelele.
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-14-2023