China's Imithetho kanye Nokwengamela Ekumbiweni Kwamatshe: Isinyathelo Esibheke Ekusimameni
I-China, eyaziwa ngemithombo yayo yemvelo ecebile, sekuyisikhathi eside ihola umhlaba wonke embonini yezimayini zamatshe. Nokho, ukukhathazeka ngokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo kanye nemikhuba yenkohlakalo kuye kwashukumisela uhulumeni waseShayina ukuba asebenzise imithetho eqinile nokuqondisa ukusebenza kwezimayini zamatshe. Lezi zinyathelo zihlose ukukhuthaza izinqubo zezimayini ezisimeme, ukuvikela imvelo, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukubophezeleka komphakathi ngaphakathi kwemboni.
Ngokukhula kwesidingo semikhiqizo yamatshe ngaphakathi nakwamanye amazwe, i-China ibone ukwanda kwemisebenzi yezimayini zamatshe eminyakeni yamuva. Ukukhishwa kwamatshe anjenge-granite, imabula, ne-limestone akuzange nje kuholele ekuncipheni kwemithombo yemvelo kodwa kubangele nomonakalo omkhulu emvelweni. Ukumba izimayini okungalawuleki kuye kwaphumela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi, ukucekelwa phansi komhlaba, nokungcoliswa kwemithombo yamanzi, okukhinyabeze kabi imvelo yendawo kanye nemiphakathi.
Ngokubona isidingo esiphuthumayo sokubhekana nalezi zinselele, uhulumeni waseShayina uthathe izinyathelo eziqinile zokuqinisa imithetho kanye nokwandisa ukugadwa kokumbiwa kwamatshe. Enye yezinyathelo ezibalulekile ukuphoqelelwa kokuhlolwa komthelela kwemvelo (EIAs) kumaphrojekthi ezimayini zamatshe. Izinkampani manje kudingeka zinikeze imibiko enemininingwane mayelana nemiphumela yezemvelo engaba khona yemisebenzi yazo ngaphambi kokuthola amalayisense okumba izimayini. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ubungozi bemvelo obuhlobene nemisebenzi yezimayini buhlolisiswa kahle futhi kuthathwa izinyathelo ezifanele zokubunciphisa.
Ukwengeza, uhulumeni usesungule ama-ejensi akhethekile anesibopho sokuqapha nokuhlola ukusebenza kwezimayini zamatshe. Lawa ma-ejensi avakashela amasayithi njalo ukuze aqinisekise ukuthobela izindinganiso zemvelo, ahlonze noma yikuphi ukuchezuka, futhi athathele abaphula umthetho izinyathelo ezifanele. Izijeziso eziqinile, ezihlanganisa izinhlawulo ezinkulu kanye nokumiswa kokusebenza, zinikezwa labo abatholakala bephula imithethonqubo. Izinyathelo ezinjalo zisebenza njengezithiyo futhi zikhuthaza izinkampani zezimayini zamatshe ukuthi zisebenzisa izinqubo ezisimeme futhi zinciphise umkhondo wazo wemvelo.
Ngokuvumelana nokuzibophezela kwayo ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme, i-China iphinde yakhuthaza ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bezimayini zamatshe. Izinqubo ezintsha ezifana nokusika okungenamanzi kanye nezinhlelo zokucindezela uthuli zisiza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi futhi zinciphise ukungcoliswa komoya ngokulandelana kwazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni weseka ucwaningo nentuthuko kwezinye izindlela ezilungele imvelo nezindlela zokugaywa kabusha, wehlisa ukuthembela ekukhishweni kwamatshe amasha.
Ngaphandle kokukhathazeka kwemvelo, uhulumeni waseShayina ufuna nokuqinisekisa ukubophezeleka komphakathi ngaphakathi kwemboni yezimayini zamatshe. Isebenzise imithethonqubo yokuvikela amalungelo nenhlalakahle yabasebenzi, ukulwa nokusetshenziswa kwezingane, kanye nokwenza ngcono izimo zokusebenza. Imithetho eqinile yezabasebenzi iyasetshenziswa, okuhlanganisa amaholo amancane, amahora okusebenza afanelekile, nezinyathelo zokuphepha emsebenzini. Lezi zinhlelo zivikela izintshisekelo zabasebenzi, zikhuthaze imboni enobulungiswa nezimiso zokuziphatha.
Imizamo yokulawula kanye nokwengamela ukumbiwa kwamatshe e-China ithole impendulo eyakhayo kubo bobabili ababambiqhaza basekhaya nabamazwe ngamazwe. Izinhlangano zezemvelo zibheka lezi zinyathelo njengezinyathelo ezibalulekile ekubhekaneni nezinselele zemvelo, ukuvikela ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, kanye nokugcina imithombo yemvelo. Abathengi nabangenisi bemikhiqizo yamatshe yaseShayina bayakwazisa ukuzibophezela ekusimameni, okubanikeza ukuzethemba emsuka nokukhiqizwa kokuziphatha kwamatshe abawathengayo.
Ngenkathi iChina'Imithethonqubo kanye nokwengamela ekumbiweni kwamatshe kuyisinyathelo esikhulu sokusimama, ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kanye nokuqaliswa ngempumelelo kubalulekile. Ukuhlolwa kwamabhuku okuvamile, ukubamba iqhaza komphakathi, nokusebenzisana nababambiqhaza bemboni kubalulekile ekuhlonzeni izindawo okufanele zenziwe ngcono kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho. Ngokwenza ukulingana phakathi kokukhula komnotho, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, kanye nesibopho emphakathini, iShayina ibeka isibonelo embonini yezimayini zamatshe emhlabeni wonke.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-14-2023